of little birds is currently being observed. Monitoring resources estimate some clusters at 10–15 #UAVs. Air defences are already actively operating near #Kaluga.

More groups continue to arrive from #Bryansk_Oblast, while separate little birds are being detected over #Kursk and #Tula_Oblasts.

The main movement is currently from #Voronezh_Oblast toward #Lipetsk and #Tambov_Oblasts, where some groups have already entered.

Separate little birds are also being detected over #Kursk, #Oryol, #Kaluga and #Tula_Oblasts. Air-defence activity has already been reported in #Tula_Oblast as well.

The first major flow is #Bryansk_Oblast → #Oryol_Oblast → #Kaluga/#Tula_Oblasts → #Moscow_Oblast. A particularly large number of little birds is currently concentrated around the border between #Bryansk and #Oryol_Oblasts, from where the groups are spreading farther north.