Proves that quantum systems with dimension ≥3 cannot have totally ordered resource theories where every state pair is convertible, while classical systems can be perfectly ordered—establishing a fundamental quantum-classical divide.

Proves that quantum systems with dimension ≥3 cannot have totally ordered resource theories where every state pair is convertible, while classical systems can be perfectly ordered—establishing a fundamental quantum-classical divide.
Researchers develop a rigorous framework quantifying time-reversal violation in quantum channels, decomposing it into kinematic T-violation and thermodynamic nonunitality, and proving universal golden units exist for resource conversion.
Developed new texture measures via convex functions and transformation costs, derived deterministic qubit conversion conditions, and established converse framework for convex-roof extended measures in quantum resource theory.