The period from 1350 to 1540 is considered the #Hopi ancestral period, marked primarily by the rise of village chieftains

The oral tradition has made it possible to foster #Hopi pride during modern times and to continue the custom, ritual, and ceremony that sustain the religious beliefs that are the essence of the #Hopi Way.

Coal Mine Canyon on the Hopi Rez in Arizona. #CoalMineCanyon #Hopi #landscapes #photography

The social organization of traditional #Hopi society is based on kinship clans determined through the woman's side of the family.

The traditional hairstyle for #Hopi men, after which kiva design was sometimes patterned, was worn with straight bangs over the forehead and a knot of hair in the back with the sides hanging straight and covering the ears.

The traditional education for #Hopi children begins in earnest around age of eight, with a series of initiation rites.

Estimated at 2,800 in 1680, the #Hopi Nation had 7,360 members in 1990, about 1,000 of whom lived off the reservation.

The traditional education for #Hopi children begins in earnest around age of eight, with a series of initiation rites.

The traditional hairstyle for #Hopi men, after which kiva design was sometimes patterned, was worn with straight bangs over the forehead and a knot of hair in the back with the sides hanging straight and covering the ears.

The #Hopi religion is a complex, highly developed belief system incorporating many gods and spirits, such as Earth Mother, Sky Father, the Sun, the Moon, and the many kachinas, or invisible spirits of life.

The #Hopi elective government have fought for defense of their original reservation, while traditionalists support the #Navajo families' efforts to remain on the disputed lands.

The #Hopi government was reestablished in 1950, and the nation received federal recognition again in 1955, making available a range of social services and funding opportunities.

The #Hopi reservation was centered within a larger area that was designated the #Navajo reservation.

The #Hopi reservation, almost 2.5 million acres in size and located in northeastern Arizona near the Four Corners area just east of the Grand Canyon, is surrounded completely by the #Navajo reservation.

The young are taught the #Hopi Way, composed of traditional principles and ethics and the value of kinship systems.

Prayer to Corn People, 1975, Terrance Talaswaima (Honsvantewa), #Hopi. www.adobegallery.com/artist/terra...

A coalition of five #NativeAmerican nations—the #Hopi, #Navajo, #Zuni, #Ute, and #SouthernPaiute—view this entire landscape as a deeply sacred, living cultural map holding the footprints, burial sites, and cliff dwellings of their ancestors.

Show some respect.

in 1700 #Hopi traditionalists killed all the Christian men in Awatovi and then destroyed the village. The destruction of Awatovi signaled the end of #Spanish interference in #Hopi life, although contact between the groups continued.

The #Hopi Tribal Council and government was established in 1935 with a written constitution but disbanded in 1943.

The #Hopis complained, but the government failed to act, and the #Navajo continued to overrun #Hopi lands until they had taken over 1,800,000 acres of the original #Hopi designation