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@professoremily.bsky.socialOct 16, 2026, 4:00 AM

#Conlangity Day 16

How does your conlang do things like infinitives, participles & gerunds?

In other words, what happens when verbs are treated like nouns, adjectives or adverbs?

Are there different endings, forms or auxiliary words? If you want, try translating some of the examples in the cards!

DAY 16
[GRAMMAR] Let’s finish our verb discussion by talking about... verbs that aren’t verbs!

In English, these would be things like infinitives (“I love to read” [noun]), participles (“the barking dog” [adj]) and gerunds (“She’s bad at cooking” [noun])

How does your conlang do verbs that aren’t verbs?

Light yellow text printed in two columns over an orange background showing a faint photo of a large open dictionary. Hosted by @professoremily.bsky.social.Additional card with “HELPFUL TIPS,” light yellow text over the same background as the main prompt.

INFINITIVES:
Many languages have infinitives, which are the base form of a verb. In English, we write these as “to sleep, to run, to write.” They can be used as nouns, adjectives or adverbs.

“To live would be an awfully big adventure” - Noun, Subject
“These are the items to donate” - Adj, describing “items”
“He stretched to reach the high shelf” - Adv, describing “stretch”

In other languages, infinitives could be expressed with different endings, different beginnings, or different auxiliary words.Additional card with “HELPFUL TIPS,” light yellow text over the same background as the main prompt.

PARTICIPLES & GERUNDS:
Participles are verbs used as if they’re adjectives, to describe something - e.g. “the smiling girl,” “the painted cup.”

Gerunds are “noun-verbs,” actions that are being treated as nouns in the sentence - e.g. “My favorite activity is swimming.”

Not every language does these things the same as English; for instance, some may instead have an additional word or affix that says “this verb is a noun” or “this verb is an adjective.”

These are great ways to make your verbs versatile, so think about how you might want to use them in your own conlang!
@aura-olympian.bsky.socialOct 16, 2026, 1:18 AM

I'm working on it now via #Conlangity, and I think I have been doing DECENTLY well, but it's absolutely the hardest thing ever.

At least for me.

@miwwdu-sitsom.bsky.socialOct 15, 2026, 5:23 PM

#Conlangity 15

#TheDragonblood: Verbs are conjugated for person and number of the subject, two aspects (simple and progressive) and three moods (indicative, subjunctive and imperative) via inflectional endings, and five tenses (past, present, future, timeless and unmarked) with prefixes.

@sayaashrah.bsky.socialOct 15, 2026, 12:47 PM

#Conlangity 15. Kraslan has five tenses: present, past, distant past, future, and distant future.

The present tense uses the root form of the verb. We’ve recently seen the example, “Vasainy hoɱa cin” (“Dances she park in”), with “vasa” meaning “to dance.” It doesn’t change 🧵

#ChroniclesOfTheRealms

@thirdmonti.bsky.socialOct 15, 2026, 11:39 AM

#Conlangity 15
I’ve come down with a cold, it’s not pleasant. I’m working on little sleep and through a headache, so I conjugated only one verb, eppu ‘to be’ in the present, present perfect, past (imperfective), future, and the present conditional.

🪡

@aura-olympian.bsky.socialOct 15, 2026, 9:15 AM

#authorsky #booksky #Conlangity #writers #writing #WritingCommunity

I think, for now, I am going to keep this simple and not make up any words, and simply speak in strict terms of general mindset.

Imperative, Indicative, and Subjunctive Moods do exist in the Kirrhin language, and words do change 🧵

@midnightrose838.bsky.socialOct 15, 2026, 5:36 AM

#Conlangity 15

I missed yesterdays I may not catch up for awhile. I hope I’m staying mostly on topic, but the only way I could get my brain working was to take the words I have, & start making sentences.
I worry I’m making things unrealistically simple, by using more words instead of modifying, -

@professoremily.bsky.socialOct 15, 2026, 4:16 AM

#Conlangity Day 15

Continuing the topic of verbs, what kinds of modifications or inflections do your verbs undergo in this conlang?

Do they change based on the subject? Are there verb tenses, and if so how many? Are there different moods?

What do these changes look like in practice? More in 🧵👇️

Daily prompt for the #Conlangity worldbuilding game:

DAY 15
[GRAMMAR] Continuing with verbs, let’s talk about modifications/inflections!
Verbs can be modified in a number of ways - tense, aspect, mood... They might change depending on what the subject is, or what the object is, or whether the verb is transitive or intransitive.
How do verbs change in your conlang?

Light yellow text printed in two columns over an orange background showing a faint photo of a large open dictionary. Hosted by @professoremily.bsky.social.
Additional card with “HELPFUL TIPS,” light yellow text over the same background as the main prompt.

THINGS THAT CAN ALTER VERBS...
CHANGES BASED ON THE SUBJECT:
The subject of a verb can determine the form it takes. The verb might have a different ending, for example, depending on the number, gender, or other characteristics of the subject.

ENGLISH changes based on number:
The dog barks (singular)
The dogs bark (plural)

SPANISH changes based on person:
(Yo) lo quiero = “I want it”
(Tu) lo quieres = “You want it”
(Él/Ella) lo quiere = “He/She wants it”

These are just TWO examples - research other languages and see how they do it!Additional card with “HELPFUL TIPS,” light yellow text over the same background as the main prompt.

TENSE/ASPECT
One of the most important ways a verb can be alters is tense, which indicates when in time an action happens:

I eat the cookie = PRESENT
I ate the cookie = PAST
I will eat the cookie = FUTURE

Aspect tells you about how an action stretches through time:

I was helping him for 2 hours.
I have played piano for 10 years.
--------------------------------
MOOD
Mood is a way verbs can change that indicates whether you’re speaking a straight fact, giving a command, speaking in hypotheticals, etc.

Indicative = You ate a cookie.
Imperative = Hey you, eat that cookie!
Subjunctive = If you were to eat a cookie...
4
@khonri.comOct 14, 2026, 11:03 PM

#Conlangity

🤫 I have sprinkled a couple verbs throughout the days so far, but I will add "cry" upon request of Emily, which is siril (I am not prepared to go think "to cry, etc." 😂 I WILL cry).

What I have found to be the role of linking verbs appears to be cases/suffixes/postpositions.

@khonri.comOct 14, 2026, 9:01 PM

#Conlangity

I scramble to turn in my homework late by showing the professor pictures of my cat (tbh this worked once in college).

Mu = this
Gen = that
Yalla = that (over there, far)
Here = bana
There = kono (hilarious issue I see occuring with a Siefan speaker conversing with a Seigo speaker)

@miwwdu-sitsom.bsky.socialOct 14, 2026, 6:14 PM

#Conlangity 14

#TheDragonblood: Nemorian linking verbs include esti (to be) and vuieti (to become), giving islí and vuyiti in Common Draconoidic, respectively.

bsky.app/profile/prof...

@sayaashrah.bsky.socialOct 14, 2026, 12:53 PM

#Conlangity 14. Many Kraslan verbs end with -a, particularly -ta and -la. However, those are definitely not the only endings, and we’ve seen a prominent one that breaks away from this pattern: vy (“to be”).

As we’ve talked about before, the suffix -teó [t̪ø] is attached to 🧵

#ChroniclesOfTheRealms

@thirdmonti.bsky.socialOct 14, 2026, 11:30 AM

#Conlangity 14
The Verbs!
Welcome to another morning of my trying to come up with something internally consistent.
The good thing is, I have a few in their infinitives

Onward!

🪡

@aura-olympian.bsky.socialOct 14, 2026, 7:57 AM

#authorsky #booksky #Conlangity #writers #writing #WritingCommunity

Really attempting to murder me with this prompt, I swear. 😅

Another list of things I don't have, so this will be made up from whole cloth right here, just for you. 🩷💜🖤💙🩵💚

(Seriously, thank you for doing this. I'm bad at this.)

🧵

@professoremily.bsky.socialOct 14, 2026, 4:43 AM

#Conlangity 14

Doing my post tonight bc I don't when I'll have time tomorrow!

Verbs in Na'aqal are fun because I'd say about 80% of verbs are also nouns, & vice versa.

So for example, if you wanted to say someone nervously avoided something, maybe you might say "She moused out of that party" 😂

@professoremily.bsky.socialOct 14, 2026, 4:00 AM

#Conlangity 14

VEEERRRRBS!

Today is one of THE most important topics. Nouns & verbs are the 2 essential ingredients in any language! We have covered nouns, so it's time for verbs.

Give us some examples of verbs in your conlang. Can any nouns also be verbs? Do you have linking & auxiliary verbs?🧵

Daily prompt for the #Conlangity worldbuilding game:

DAY 14
[GRAMMAR/VOCAB] Time to talk about VERBS!
Although it’s easy to think of verbs as just actions (“run, smell, laugh”), some verbs are more like states of existence (“is, was, seems”), and some are more like helpful appendages to other verbs (“must, could”).
What are some verbs in your conlang?

Light yellow text printed in two columns over an orange background showing a faint photo of a large open dictionary. Hosted by @professoremily.bsky.social
Additional card with “HELPFUL TIPS,” light yellow text over the same background as the main prompt.

TYPES OF VERBS THAT AREN’T ACTIONS...
AUXILIARY VERBS - verbs that “help” other verbs
In some languages, like English, there are minor “helping” verbs that exist mostly just to modify the meaning of a primary verb:
“I will win the prize” - will makes win future tense
“You should talk to him” - should makes talk a suggestion
“We would have come, but...” - would have makes come a hypothetical scenario
“She might stay home” - might makes stay a possibility
“You must tell me the secret!” - must makes tell imperative
“He can play the piano” - can turns play into an ability
Additional card with “HELPFUL TIPS,” light yellow text over the same background as the main prompt.

TYPES OF VERBS THAT AREN’T ACTIONS...
LINKING VERBS - states of existence
is/are, was/were, be, being, been
“Donut is a cat”
“We were tired”
“He was being annoying”
[Text box pointing at these examples] Sentences with linking verbs never have objects - only predicate nominatives & adjectives (see Day 7 thread)
----------------------
Other linking verbs may be used to talk about the current, apparent or changing state of a thing...
“He seems trustworthy”
“She looks happy”
“They became friends”
“I grow weary”
“It smells disgusting”
“You appear worried”
@miwwdu-sitsom.bsky.socialOct 14, 2026, 3:30 AM

#Conlangity 13

#TheDragonblood: Nemorian 'here', 'there' and 'where' are kor, tor and por, giving Common Draconoidic łúr, lúr and pur, respectively. Gotta distinguish those L sounds!

bsky.app/profile/prof...

@midnightrose838.bsky.socialOct 14, 2026, 3:07 AM

#Conlangity 13
Gonna keep short & basic as I can today.

Hin - near, or here
Vu - far (also the same word as long, but form will change depending on the sentence. Not have that figured out yet.)
Viva – in (though depending on the kind of in you might use hin)
Rora - up, or above
Lutha - below

@professoremily.bsky.socialOct 13, 2026, 11:55 PM

#Conlangity 13

Alright, in Na'aqal we have 3 basic location words:

Suut: "this, here" (close to the speaker)
Hoth: "that, there" (away but still nearby)
Huuda: "that, over there" (far away)

Another of my favorites is "Aanji" (between), which has a few variations, such as "Aanjinet"...

@brambonius.bsky.socialOct 13, 2026, 7:20 PM

I missed #Conlangity Day 12 and it's quite simple

Adjectives en on -is but can get the same suffix after that as the noun, and are usually used after the noun:

malil mokalis (beautiful apple)
himuki mokalisuki chamemo (I love the beautiful person)
nawa ribilis esmo (I am a free sentient being)