A recent trial found that sevoflurane sedation in ARDS patients reduced ventilator-free days and increased mortality, despite prior promising data.

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#VisualAbstract Respiratory system elastance may help individualize tidal volume and respiratory rate in mechanically ventilated patients with acute brain injury.

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Severe obesity does not necessarily imply increased chest wall elastance, which is relevant for mechanical ventilation in ARDS.

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#VisualAbstract Randomised trials have shifted intensive care from universal physiological correction towards calibrated, context-sensitive care that weighs benefit, harm, timing, heterogeneity and recovery.

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Neurologic and systemic causes of death in severe meningitis and encephalitis follow distinct trajectories, with different associated factors and complications, as revealed by the international prospective EURECA study.

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#VisualAbstract Failed weaning from invasive mechanical ventilation is not a single clinical entity, but comprises three distinct phenotypes.

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#VisualAbstract A higher hemoglobin transfusion threshold offered no clear advantage in cancer patients with septic shock and was associated with more thrombotic events.

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#VisualAbstract Adding multiplex PCR to conventional microbiology did not significantly increase targeted antimicrobial therapy at 24 hours in patients with suspected ventilator-associated or ventilated hospital-acquired pneumonia.

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This editorial discusses ICU access for acute leukemia patients, highlighting improved outcomes and factors influencing care.

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#VisualAbstract Trauma-related ARDS results from direct injury, systemic inflammation and resuscitation factors, and care relies on early risk stratification, multimodal imaging, pain control and individualized respiratory support.

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#VisualAbstract β-blocker therapy in critical illness has established benefits in selected conditions, but remains context-dependent because efficacy and safety vary with indication, timing, haemodynamic reserve and patient phenotype.

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A phase 2 trial found that ilofotase alfa was safe but did not prevent kidney injury in high-risk patients after open heart surgery.

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#VisualAbstract ARDS and acute brain injury require individualised ventilation that balances lung protection with cerebral physiology and neuromonitoring.

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#VisualAbstract Temporal trends in critical care burden and outcomes of Andes virus-associated hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome in a national Chilean cohort were assessed.

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Post-intensive care syndrome (PICS) is a growing consequence of critical illness, affecting patients, families, and professionals across the recovery continuum.

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Failed weaning from invasive mechanical ventilation is not a single clinical entity, but comprises three distinct phenotypes.

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#VisualAbstract ECLS has evolved from rescue therapy to established care for selected patients with severe ARDS, while ECCO₂R remains limited by uncertain benefit and safety concerns.

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#VisualAbstract A new acute kidney injury reporting framework sets specific standards to improve the quality, comparability, and clinical use of biomarker diagnostic accuracy studies.

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