Explore links between 1 Enoch and New Testament portrayals of the Son of Man, fallen angels, and final judgment. #intertextuality #bible

Explore links between 1 Enoch and New Testament portrayals of the Son of Man, fallen angels, and final judgment. #intertextuality #bible
Hezekiah opens his prayer in 2 Kings by naming God as the one enthroned above the cherubim and ruling over all creation. Psalm 99 opens with the same phrase, describing God ruling the earth and his power over it. #intertextuality #bible
The Hebrew version of 2 Chronicles has Manasseh repent in exile and be restored to his throne, dropping the charge that his sins doomed Judah. The Greek Septuagint translation keeps the repentance but still has God exile Judah for what Manasseh did. #intertextuality #bible
Gilgamesh travels through darkness beneath Mount Mashu, whose peak reaches heaven and whose base extends to the netherworld. 1 Enoch echoes this tradition, describing a similar journey to a place of darkness and a mountain whose summit reaches to heaven. #intertextuality #bible
Jude identifies Enoch as the seventh from Adam, interpreting the 1 Enoch figure as the same Enoch from Israel’s early history. This matches 1 Enoch’s own claim that its visions come from the patriarch, who is described as receiving hidden knowledge. #intertextuality #bible
Explore protections for widows, orphans, and the poor in ancient Near Eastern law, biblical texts, and later Jewish and Christian traditions. #intertextuality #bible
Daniel 2 describes the metals in Nebuchadnezzar's dream statue, and Numbers 31 lists similar metals as objects requiring purification after battle. Daniel may allude to Numbers, using it as a critique of wealth and power. #intertextuality #bible
In Numbers 16, Moses is very angry with Dathan and Abiram and asks God to reject their offering. 4 Maccabees makes the same episode an example of reason mastering anger, since Moses leaves the outcome to God rather than acting on his anger. #intertextuality #bible
In #ThePublicEnemy (1931), Jimmy Cagney and his brother, played by Donald Cook, are at loggerheads then in #Taxi! (1932), Cagney takes his date to a movie starring Cook.
"Isn't he attractive?!" the date asks.
Cagney murmurs, "His ears are too big."
In Mark, the harvest follows a description of the seed's gradual growth. In the Gospel of Thomas, the farmer's quick action follows warnings to stay alert, so the same harvest image fits a call to act when the moment comes. #intertextuality #bible
The Hebrew version of Malachi has God announce, ‘I hate divorce.’ The Greek Septuagint interprets this as a condition about a man who divorces out of hatred, with the Greek text allowing divorce rather than condemning it. #intertextuality #bible
Explore how Mesopotamian divine tablets and heavenly records developed into biblical, Jewish, and Christian traditions about the Book of Life. #intertextuality #bible
Psalm 74 recalls how God shattered the heads of Leviathan the sea monster. Hesiod’s Theogony describes Zeus burning the hundred heads of the serpent-dragon Typhoeus, the same ancient story of a storm-god crushing the heads of a chaos monster. #intertextuality #bible
Acts 11 describes salvation for an entire household using language that resembles the earlier Psalms of Solomon where cleansing and atonement extends to both a devout person and their home. #intertextuality #bible
1 Enoch describes itself using the same language Sirach uses for the Torah, similarly presenting its own wisdom as life-giving instruction preserved in a book for future generations. #intertextuality #bible
In Esther, the king gives Mordecai his signet ring, the same gesture Pharaoh makes to Joseph in Genesis when elevating him to authority, a detail that Esther intentionally incorporates from the narratives in Genesis. #intertextuality #bible
Explore how early Christians used 1 Enoch as scripture and as a source for theology, history, and religious practice. #intertextuality #bible
Jesus in Matthew teaches that those who judge others will be judged in return. This is also found in Rabbinic traditions such as tractate Berakhot and the Aramaic Targums, shaped by the values of close-knit communities. #intertextuality #bible
Jubilees and the Testament of Joseph add a detail not found in Genesis, that Joseph resisted his master’s wife by remembering his father Jacob’s teaching. Jubilees also describes this originally as Abraham’s teaching on adultery. #intertextuality #bible